Urllib3 for python 2.6 download file

We show how to grab data, post data, stream data, work with JSON, and use redirects. Responses are grouped in five classes:. The example creates a GET request to the webcode. It prints the status code of the response. We create a PoolManager to generate a request. It handles all of the details of connection pooling and thread safety.

The example sends a GET request to the webcode. It returns the HTML code of the home page. The response object contains the headers dictionary, which has the various header fields, such as server and date. From the output we can see that the web server of the website is nginx and the content type is HTML code. For this, we need to download the certifi module. It is a carefully curated collection of Root Certificates for validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity of TLS hosts.

It has been extracted from the Requests project. To reference the installed certificate authority CA bundle, we use the built-in where function. We pass the root CA bundle to the PoolManager. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. Query parameters are the part of a uniform resource locator URL which assigns values to specified parameters. This is one way of sending data to the destination server. Nov 24, Download the file for your platform.

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Please try enabling it if you encounter problems. Search PyPI Search. Latest version Released: Sep 22, Navigation Project description Release history Download files. Project links Homepage Issue tracker Code Documentation. Maintainers SethMichaelLarson shazow urllib3. Connection pooling. File uploads with multipart encoding. Helpers for retrying requests and dealing with HTTP redirects. Support for gzip, deflate, and brotli encoding. Documentation urllib3 has usage and reference documentation at urllib3.

Contributing urllib3 happily accepts contributions. Security Disclosures To report a security vulnerability, please use the Tidelift security contact. Maintainers sethmlarson Seth M. Sponsorship If your company benefits from this library, please consider sponsoring its development. For Enterprise Professional support for urllib3 is available as part of the Tidelift Subscription. Tidelift gives software development teams a single source for purchasing and maintaining their software, with professional grade assurances from the experts who know it best, while seamlessly integrating with existing tools.

Issue If you are a user of this module please leave a comment. Fixed typo in deprecation message to recommend Retry. Updated vendored six library to 1. Improved performance of URL parser when splitting the authority component.

Read more in the v2. Users that still wish to use TLS earlier than 1. Pull Starting in urllib3 v2. SSLError that can be raised from reading a socket e. SSLError Pull Now SSLContext. Pull Fix issue where an empty query section in a URL would fail to parse.

Pull Remove TLS 1. Pull Fix edge case where Retry-After header was still respected even when explicitly opted out of. Pull Remove dependency on rfc for URL parsing. Fix issue where URLs containing invalid characters within Url. Pull , Issue Upgrade bundled rfc to v1. Pull , Issue Pull , Pull Upgrade bundled rfc to v1. Pull Add TLSv1. Issue , Pull Fixed issue where OpenSSL would block if an encrypted client private key was given and no password was given.

Instead an SSLError is raised. Pull Added support for Brotli content encoding. It is enabled automatically if brotlipy package is installed which can be requested with urllib3[brotli] extra. Improve default ciphers when using SecureTransport. Remove Authorization header regardless of case when redirecting to cross-site.

Pull Test against Python 3. Pull Early-out ipv6 checks when running on App Engine. Defaults to the Authorization header. Different headers can be set via Retry. Issue Fix util. Dropped Python 3. Issue Add Python 2. Fixes deadlocks with a blocking connectionpool. Issue Fixed compatibility for cookiejar. Issue pyopenssl: Use vendored version of six.

Pull Fixed regression in 1. Issue Fixed regression in 1. Pull Selectors now detects a monkey-patched select module after import for modules that patch the select module like eventlet, greenlet.

Pull Reduced memory consumption when streaming zlib-compressed responses as opposed to raw deflate streams. Pull Connection pools now use the entire request context when constructing the pool key. Pull PoolManager. Pull Updated the date for the system clock check. Issue ConnectionPools now correctly consider hostnames to be case-insensitive.

Pull Outdated versions of cryptography now cause the PyOpenSSL contrib module to fail when it is injected, rather than at first use.

Issue Automatically attempt to rewind a file-like body object when a request is retried or redirected. Pull Fix some bugs that occur when modules incautiously patch the queue module. Pull Prevent retries from occurring on read timeouts for which the request method was not in the method whitelist. Pull Add support for IPv6 literals with zone identifiers. Pull Remove markers from setup. Issue Disallow superscripts and other integerish things in URL ports. Pull Empty filenames in multipart headers are now emitted as such, rather than being suppressed.

Issue Prefer user-supplied Host headers on chunked uploads. Issue ConnectionPool debug log now includes scheme, host, and port. Issue Substantially refactored documentation. Issue Timeout can no longer be set as boolean, and must be greater than zero. Pull Updated cipher suite list to remove 3DES-based cipher suites.

Issue Fixed installing urllib3[socks] extra. Issue Fixed signature of ConnectionPool. Issue Always use setuptools, no more distutils fallback. Issue Dropped support for Python 3. Issue Fixed regression with IPv6 port parsing. Issue Handle unicode headers in Py2. Issue Log certificate when there is a hostname mismatch. Issue Fixed AppEngine handling of transfer-encoding header and bug in Timeout defaults checking. Issue pyopenssl: Support for TLSv1. Issue Close connections more defensively on exception.

Issue Dev: Added test suite for AppEngine. Issue Passing incorrect scheme e. Issue Fix pool-default headers not applying for url-encoded requests like GET. Issue log. Issue Close and discard connections if an error occurs during read.

Issue Fix host parsing for IPv6 proxies. Issue Fix httplib. Issue Append default warning configuration rather than overwrite. Issue Fix streaming decoding regression. Issue Fix chunked requests losing state across keep-alive connections.

Issue Fix regression of duplicate header keys being discarded. Issue Response. Issue Removed RC4 from default cipher list. Issue Header performance improvements. Issue Fix PoolManager not obeying redirect retry settings.

Issue Add sha support for fingerprint verification. Issue Fixed handling of header values containing commas. Issue Add Url.

Issue MaxRetryError. Issue Fixed SSL-related timeouts not being detected as timeouts. Issue Py3: Use ssl. Issue Close and discard sockets which experienced SSL-related errors. Issue Handle body param in.

Issue More careful checks if fp-like object is closed. Issue Fixed packaging issues of some development-related files not getting included. Issue Allow performing only fingerprint verification. Issue Emit SecurityWarning if system clock is waaay off. See our new security documentation for details. Issue New retry logic and urllib3.

Retry configuration object. Issue All raised exceptions should now wrapped in a urllib3. HTTPException -extending exception. Issue All errors during a retry-enabled request should be wrapped in urllib3. MaxRetryError , including timeout-related exceptions which were previously exempt.

Underlying error is accessible from the. Issue urllib3. ConnectionError renamed to urllib3. Issue Errors during response read such as IncompleteRead are now wrapped in urllib3.

Issue Requesting an empty host will raise urllib3. Issue Catch read timeouts over SSL connections as urllib3. Issue Apply socket arguments before connecting. Issue Wrap socket. Issue Fixed proxy-related bug where connections were being reused incorrectly. Issue Fixed TypeError bug in Python 2. New urllib3. Several urllib3. Timeout -related fixes. Also changed constructor signature to a more sensible order. Issue Added. HTTPResponse which returns the number of bytes read so far.

Issue Support for platforms without threading. Issue Fixed urllib3. ProxyManager not retrying on connect errors. Issue Increased maximum number of SubjectAltNames in urllib3. Issue Headers are now passed and stored as a custom urllib3. Issue , Headers no longer lose their case on Python 3.

Issue Fixed open socket leak with SSL-related failures. Issue , Timeout class. Issue Fixed Python 3. Issue Support for relative urls in Location HTTPResponse now inherits from io.

IOBase for bonus file-like functionality. Issue New method urllib3.